高考英语二轮专题语法总复习-冠词 2012届高考英语二轮专题总复习语法精选冠词

一、分类

1．定冠词指的是the, 常常表示的是特指。

　He is the teacher we talked about yesterday。

2．不定冠词是a和an。其中a用于辅音（指的是音而不是字母）开头的词前，an用于元音开头的词。

　An island, a small island, an honest man, a house, a university, 还应注意

　He is a European. I got a one hundred.

3．特指和泛指

特指 泛指

表类别 表"一个/一些"

可数名词单数 The book A book A book

可名词复数 The books Books Some/any books

不可数名词 The water Water some/any water

1．不定冠词表示"一"这个数量的时候，意思和one差不多。但one更侧重"数目"这一概念，如yesterday I 　bought one book, not two. 通常表示重量，长度，时间等词组。

The apples are two yuan a pound.

Give me a cup of tea. Twice a week, eight hours a day...

只可能在可数的单数名词前，不可能出现在不可数名词前。

I have a good idea. I have good news.

2．表示"某一个"。但是仍然翻译成"一个"。

　At that time I was working in a factory.

　A young man wanted to see you.

3. 表示"一类"，或"一类中的某一个"。

　A dictionary is a book.

　Do you have a pen?

　There is a man standing in front of the bank.

　I met a friend of yours yesterday.

4．首次提到的人或事物而且听者并不知道指的是哪一个的时候，前面必须用不定冠词；再次提到此人或此物时，由于听者已知知道指的是何人或何物时，必须用定冠词。

　Yesterday I saw a dog. The dog was running after a cat. The cat ran into a hole. The hole was very small.