辅导三、应试作文高分技巧

 

在应试写作中，很多考生只求“写对”：内容符合要求，要点完整，无标点、拼写和语法错误。事实上，这只是对写作能力的最基本要求。如果要取得高分，则要力求“写好”，那么下面几种方法可以对你有所帮助。

 

（一）  多样化句子

考生在应试作文中往往过多地使用“主-谓-宾”或“主-系-表”句式，读起来哆嗦，看起来就像记流水帐，以至影响作文得分。究其原因：主要是对各种类型英文句子的结构和特点不熟悉，没有掌握各种句子间的转换方法，缺乏使用多种句式来表达 统一思想内容的技能，而以下是使句子多样化的几个方法，希望对广大考生有所裨益。

1.变换句子长度，避免短句罗列

具体做法；使用介词after及连词and，but等，根据上下逻辑关系变通，连接不同谓语动词，要注意省略同一个主语，从而使之成为一个关系明确，层次分明，结构紧凑的句子。

1)短句罗列

▲     I had supper.

I called you up.

可改为: I called you up after supper.

▲     Tom said goodbye to the old man.

Tom went to school.

可改为:After saying goodbye, Tom went to school.

2)变相短句罗列

He put on his coat, and he picked up his hat and umbrella, and then he hurried to the school.

可改为: He put on his coat, picked up his hat and umbrella, and then hurried to the school.

2.变换句首

1)副词或状语从句放句首

Slowly he climbed up the mountain.

Where there is fresh water, there is hope.

Here comes the bus.

On the playground, the students are playing basketball.

2)介词短语放句首

With his help, my English improves.

Without a word, she hurried out.

On hearing the good news, he jumped with joy.

In silence, I could hear a needle falling onto the ground.

3)分词放句首

Having finished all his homework, he went swimming.

Dressed in red, I could hardly recognize her.

▲     She saw the boy in the street. She stopped to speak to him. She gave him a penny.

可改为:Seeing the boy in the street, he stopped to speak to him, and gave him a penny.

（二）  恰当的连接成分使句意贯通

在写作中一定要注重发掘要点或句子间的逻辑联系，从而找到并运用适当的连接词，在不同句中建立起有机联系。连接副词一般居句首，后用逗号隔开，它能承上启下，使读者对下文产生心理期待，令整篇文章浑然一体。

1.       连接副词

▲表添加: also, besides, furthermore, moreover, additionally, as well, in addition, plus, what’s more …

▲表先后: meanwhile , earlier, afterwards, then..

▲表比较: while , however, on one hand.. on the other hand , instead

▲表结果: as a result, therefore, in this way…

▲表目的: for this reason, for this purpose

▲表举例for example, for instance, specially

▲表观点 in my opinion, as for myself, generally, personally, in other words, in a word, in short/brief  in summary

 例:

Personally, I think it a good idea for us senior 3 students to have daily exercise.

In addition, I need to get along well with my classmates and teachers at college.

However, there are also some problems with his teaching method.

As for myself, Thomas Edison is my idol, because his invention has already changed our life.

2.       分词的使用

几乎每篇高考优秀作文里都至少有一个现在分词或过去分词做状语的句子。用分词代替谓语动词可使句式富于变化,使上下文联系紧密.

▲     She sat up and laughed, She became more excited in the conversation.

可改为: She sat up and laughed, getting more excited in the conversation.

▲     I was greatly moved by the story. I decided to work harder.

可改为: Greatly moved by the story, I decided to work harder.

▲     Her parents died. They left her an orphan.

可改为: Her parents died, leaving her an orphan.

▲     We went to see her. We only found her out.

可改为: We went to see her, only to find her out.

3.       定语从句

 定语从句是一种后置定语形式,用以修饰、补充、说明前面先行词或句子, 与使用两个独立句子相比,定语从句会使前后句子联系更紧密. 一篇好的文章至少具有一个定语从句,尤其是非限制性定语从句。

We also have a swimming pool, which is open all day and free of charge.

The parents both expect the day, when his daughter can pass the national college entrance exam.

60% students are for it, all of whom are boys.

(三) 化难为易

1.       学会迂回表达

写作中碰到陌生内容,可以转换角度,将生僻的词汇用自己通俗易懂的方式迂回表达出来. 如

▲     他到深圳打工去了.

He went to Shenzhen and tried his luck there.

▲     蛇将冬眠.

The snake will have a winter sleep.

▲     我将忠心地感谢你.

I thank you from the bottom of my heart.

2.       用名词性从句表达一个名词的概念.

遇到难以表达的名词,可用名词从句或短语来化解难点.

▲     请告诉我你的住址.

Please tell me where you live.

▲     这本书是内容重要,还是形式重要?

Which is more important in this book, what to write or how to write?

(四) 感召性语言的使用

在应试作文中,一些感召性的结尾话语可以振奋人心又可深化主题, 往往会成为取得高分的亮点。 以下就是2007年高考一些考生的优秀作文中出现的感召性话语。

▲     I believe that this magazine will surely strengthen our ties, and I am looking forward to reading it. (07.安徽)     

▲     If everyone does one thing for our school, I believe we will turn our school into a better place to study and live in. (07.江西)

▲     And I believe I will improve my English by doing so and learn more about her country.(07.全国Ⅰ)

▲     Once I leave for college, we can conveniently share our experiences and support each other no matter where we are . Their “nest” will never be empty.  (07.北京)

▲     May all your dreams come true! May our friendship last till the end of the universe! (07.湖南)

▲     Hope they will give you more courage to live on. May you recover soon. (07.重庆)

▲     I think I will have a wonderful college life! (07.辽宁)