一、名 词

    表示某一事物，有具体的和抽象的之分。分为可数名词和不可数名词。

强调：不可数名词都默认为单数，所以总是用is或者was；最好不要根据some、any、a lot of等词去作判断，以免受误导。

1、可数名词如何变“复数形式”：

a．一般情况下，直接加-s，如：book-books, bag-bags, cat-cats, bed-beds ；读音：清辅音后读，浊辅音和元音后读[z]。

b．以s. x. sh. ch结尾，加-es，如：bus-buses, box-boxes, brush-brushes, watch-watches ；读音：[iz]。

c．以“辅音字母+y”结尾，变y为i, 再加-es，如：family-families, strawberry-strawberries ；读音：[z]。

d．以“f或fe”结尾，变f或fe为v, 再加-es，如：knife-knives ，thief-thieves；读音：[z]。

e．以“o”结尾的词，分两种情况

1）有生命的+es

读音：[z]

如：mango-mangoes   tomato-tomatoes    hero-heroes

2) 无生命的+s

读音：[z]

如：photo-photos  radio-radios

f. 不规则名词复数：man-men,woman-women,policeman-policemen, policewoman-policewomen,snowman-snowmen,mouse-mice,child-children,foot-feet, tooth-teeth, fish-fish, people-people, Chinese-Chinese, Japanese-Japanese

2、不可数名词没有复数。如果要计算不可数名词所表达的数量，就得在数词和不可数名词之间加上“量词+of”。例如：a glass of water, a piece of paper, a bottle of juice

判断步骤：

                                                  ↗如是am、is或was→原形

读句子→读该单词→认识该单词→理解意思→看be动词

                                                  ↘如是are或were→加s或es

练一练：

1、写出下列各词的复数。

I _________ him _________ this _______  her ______ watch _______ mango____child _______ photo ________ diary ______   day_______ foot________ dress ________ tooth_______ sheep ______   box_______  strawberry _____ thief _______ engineer______ peach______ sandwich ______  man ______woman _______leaf_______   people________

2、用所给名词的正确形式填空。

（1）Are there two( box ) on the table?

（2）I can see some ( people ) in the cinema.

（3）How many ( day ) are there in a week?

（4）Here’re five( bottle ) of   ( juice ) for you.

（5）This( violin ) is hers. Those( grape ) are over there.